Metalworking machine



Nov. 2, 1943. H. T. R. HANl-rz METALWORKING MACHINE Fild April e, 1940 2Sheets-Sheet 1 lll NOV- 2, 1943- H. T. R. HANlTzv METALWORKING MACHINEFiled April 6, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 /HMA m N i. m

@vLl il! Q Patented Nov. 2, 1943 g l ,gk 1

l METALWORKING MACHINE Hans T. R. Hanitz, Rockford, Ill., assignor toThe 'i Ingersoll Milling Machine Company, Rockford, Ill., a corporationof Illinois Application April 6, 1940, Serial No. 328,185

7 Claims.

The invention relates to metal working` machines `and has particularutility as applied to `machines for preparing bars or billets ior wiredrawing. In general, the presently disclosed machine constitutes animprovement on that described and claimed in Patent No. 2,231,964. Thelatter patent discloses a machine in which the Yends of a bar or billetare given a truncatedpyramidal, beveled-edge shape by pairs ofrotarycutters which are revolved bodily about the axis of the bar while beingoscillated toward and away from the same in timed relation with suchrotation. This timed oscillation of the cutters toward and away from thebar axis results in generating the desired tapered ends of polygonalcross section on the bar and the oscillation is so timed that the edgesof the tapered ends of the bar will also be beveled or rounded.

One object of the present invention is to control the relative angularvelocities between the cutters'and the work piece in a machine of theabove character so as to obtain a substantially uniform rate of cutteradvance or feed relative to the Work piece surface and'therebyminimizing torsional stresses on the work piece, and, as a consequence,increasing the uniformity of the nish for a given production capacity.

The invention also resides in the novel character of the means forvarying the feed rate during operation of the cutter on diierentportions of the work piece.

Another object is to provide a novel reinforced mountingior the cutters.

Further objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent asthe following description proceeds, in which Figure l is a partial sideelevation of a ma-y chine embodying the invention.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary end View of the tool head for the machine ofFig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a developed View of a cam included in the machine of Fig. 1.

, Fig. 4 is a schematic layout of the drive mechanism and electricalcontrols'therefor.

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic representation of the lcutter movements.

In the particular illustrative construction herein shown (Fig. 1), awire bar or billet I0 of square Vcross section is machined to form on ita tapered end` of truncated pyramidal form having side faces 9 andbeveled edges 8 constituting continuations of the corresponding sidesand edges of the 'intermediate portion. The end of the pyramid is milledoff to form a convex end 1.

' mns-described in the aforesaid application, the

billet as cast is clamped stationarily between supports 6 while its endsare being pointed. The faces 9 and edges 8 are formed by slab typemilling cutters of frusto-conical shape rotating about their own axeswhile being revolved bodily about the billet axis and simultaneously-fedtoward and from the latter in proper timed relation. The end surface 'Iis formed at the same time by a separate cutter (not shown).

In general, the cutters are mounted on a carriage I4 which is slid alonga bed I3 longitudinally toward and away from the bar Iii by suitable-feed mechanism, indicated as a hydraulically actuated piston I5 xed tothe carriage and receivedin a cylinder I6 to which pressure fluid issupplied from a motor driven pump II. On the carriage I4 is acylindrical housing I8 in which is journaled a rotatable drum I9, thelatter beingv driven by an electric motor 20 through belts, a shaft 2|,bevel gears 22, a stubshaft 23,'pick-oi gears 24 and 25, and a worm 26meshing with a worm wheel 21 that encircles the drum I9 and is rigidwith it.

Received in semi-circular'guides 28 (Fig. 1) in the drum I9 are twooscillatable sectorsY 29 having yoke shaped projections .-'i rotatablysupporting opposite ends of the spindles of the cutters Il, I2. Theseare inclined to the bar I0 axis with their axes substantiallyintersecting the axis of the bar. To oscillate the sectors 29 in timedrelation with theV rotation of the drum I9, and thereby form thepyramidal contour, a stationary cam track 3| extending around theinterior of the housingr I8 (see Figs. l and 3) acts on follower rollers32 on slides 33 which are reciprocable in guides 34 within the drum I9.Racks 35 on these slides mesh with teeth on the sectors 29 and oscillatethe sectors 29 and the cutters bodily toward and away from the bar axis.The timing and extent of the cutter oscillation is such that duringseveral revolutions of the drum, the cutters generate faces 9 and edges8 on the bar end. v

VTo provide rigid lateral support for the cutter yokes 30 during theirin and outy movements,

brackets 38 project from the front of the drum I9 on opposite sides ofthe cutter yokes `with their bases 31 fastened to the drum by bolts y36.The brackets are spherically curved and each is formed with two blocks39 carrying hardened steel plates 40 the inner surfaces oi' which bearagainst and guide the sides of the cutter yokes. By Virtue of thisarrangement, the yokes 30 are free to oscillate toward and away fromeach other and ample vspace is provided for loading of the .of thefaces.

:machine withoutsubjecting the bar to ences-sive bevel gears 43 and 44and pick-off gears 46 to'a The cutter I I is driven frgmnthelworrn Worm45. 45 through a worm wheel 4l, a shaft 48 andra v pair of gears 49housed itssupport-ingjyok 30. In order that the othencuttr' I2 rnaybe`rotated in the same direction, a second worm Wheel 58 meshing with theworm 45. is loose on a shaft 5I which it drives through a planetarygearing 52 on a stationary spider 54. The' outer end .or the .shaft .51.is .connected to .the cutter I2 through gears lwused in the associatedsnpporting yoke 430.

Uponwreferenee to .the diagrariunaeilluetyation in Fis.. .5, it will.observed that cam 3.4

Jcauses the centers of theclltiers Il., 1.2 LQQHQW .a polysonalpath 6 0concentric with .the erosssee- .tional `ell-.ape 0f the bar In. Lf thecutters are. ref volved about the bar ,arXiS with uniform angularveloe'm they will travel at: ,a non-uniform ve- .loeity A0r feed ,raterelative@ .the bar .surface- `That iS vthey will move muehmere .rapidlyover -.the let .feces .9 .of the leer than .around the .beveled yedges 8.resulting a substantially Vgreater burden .on the outliers ydlllfizrls..ine-

' To .obtain a more uniform reed finirnlirig the entirepolyeonalperiphery .Of the billete-.11d thereby increase the* production capacityof, the

tersonm stress, .the invention eentemplates feedF :lie the cutters, thatis, .their centers at agiles-.ter

speed when the corners 8 are being milledwan'd the cutter centertraverses the paths through the angles a than during milling of facesSlwl'iieh takes place while the cutter center passes through the angleso alone the paths d, ,Il theeedelle is to be uniform around the4eri-tire perlpherypf the billet, the speed through each angle@ may beincreased, overgthat which .obtains as v the cutter center traverses thedistance .d, the ratio which the length of the path c traversed Vbythecutter c enter through the .angle g, .bears to the circumferentiallength of flle Cornersnr.- face 8,. g

Means is provided for changing thejeed automatically at the properpoints in eachreyolution of the cutter drum. To 4this.end,vtlilelcuftter feed motor 23 is of the Well-known l IL/wg;-spgegltype., having suitable windings. V(het .Shewn) which, when energizedthrough alternatigS/,ely

y.available sets of supply leads .SL 62 @pregate respectively at theircorresponding high ,andlow speeds. The automatic control Lncludes a pairof selector relays having te1;1 e rgizing windingsh and L, as well ascorresponding main v oo n-tacts HCI and LCI arranged to close,grespelllivly, the high and low speed energizing :circuits jgl for themotor 20. Interlock c; r itac l's H Cl rid .the opposite ones of thepair Se as te prei/eat simultaneous energization. K

63 actuated, in the present instance, by a replaceable, single lobe cam65 driven through a gear train 66 by pinion 61 fixed on the drum drivingworm 26. Thus, the cam 65 is revolved in timed relation with therotation of the drum and actuates a follower roller 68 on an arm 64pivoted at IIIa and carrying the switch 63. When the lswitch is lswungto the right y(Eig. 4;) it connects 'conductors Baar-1d 10 and,similarly, when tilted 10 to theA left closes a circuit betweenconductors Also included in the control system is a two- Vp)si t i,c nV`selector switch 'I2 shiftable to either its auto or hand positions tocondition the f'ircuitllrespectivel'y, for automatic or hand control Oflthle machine. Associated with this selector switch is a jog switch 13of the hold-down type .normally biased to close its contacts 14interposed in the conductor 69 and alternatively "shiftabl to close itscontacts 'I5 interposed in the conductor 7.1.. Enereizmefcyrrent..forbeth'the driveandfeedrneters 4I .and 2Q is furnishedfxem.alternating .current supply. andeurrent isurnished. tothecontrol system.from .these saine supply linesthncush a suitable ,stemden/.n.f-tranSQImerJfeL...

. .To .saudi-.tien- Ithe. aehine .for-.automatic .Cycle operati-loathe.selector- IMFis. 4) .is shiftto its faute .position-asshewna-.r1doperation .of the ;initiatedfby.-eloinsthe.m neuaplv sm-tene... frhereupontne .drive motor 4l is started, torotateibefeutter .allfll'aheut.. .own .axesthreush meow/essences'. n-deserileesl.additionally, theieed meter@ .is staredthreush enersiatien .of one:member .of the. selector ...rem-$.11 .or denendms neen. .the nesitfm..Qf che .ent-ters respect. te, the. piega-at .the instant 0fStartins-...lathe event that themen-S .are eesitiened say. assegna in. e.at start- ;ins. the switch-53-1.5, ill, .be ebservedstilied Cil the

.te ietereengeeveenduetels 6 bien .-.speeslseley ii sedersiz il). at,bleh .Speed drives. .drum l 9. .ajeerrespendias-- so that l sumarse'.4.2. are-ted .apidl .gebeurt nersoftlaeleer mthrcuehtheae.-

@new @Tis- 5 as ftaeeustesslhegin .te .epred1 1 este the .'detsisles 0ileer., .tiltsyhe automatic. electorserie i153 the left e@ that .it these. .Need npeets conductors 69, 'II. Thereupon, t h'g .relay -ifsdmeaeslout and. vieilles- L .10W speed relay is energized. ,the1te-.it;.l.ew.seeeeaed it e Corresponding flat ..f.... ,5.911. allePeK-,1-f-1llsllli0le .ef .el-.lange ef- Speeds le .aegee-tes; Saidfenlilued as the cutters moveabeut thebar in ,scalping :flee all" eSpiral leitet-ef instel te Shapecthe 1delow speed, .leaves teeeeleeter'LC2 are also provided on respectiveones of ese @gsi-tion but thegjpgrelays in series with the energi ing windings Afor uponj speed clay ssl.levi-eye .eenta....s.f14.seel he ley-Seeed..relaviafvielied up. Sincethe A ci-rc i-t isdn this .-gese, indem@- 15 .ef eyele iltlrle groter.2.0 Willsontinue its low-speed operation withoutI interruption so longas the jog switch is held down. Similarly, the jog switch 13 can be usedto start and maintain the motor 2D in operation when the seiector T2 isin its hand position. In such case, the switch 73 func-tions as anordinary holddown jog switch, serving to retain the motor 20 operatingat low-speed only so long as the switch is held down and stopping themotor as soon as the switch is released. In contrast, it will be seenthat when the jog switch is released, with the selector T2' in its autoposition, the cycle will-automatically be resumed at exactly the pointappropriate to the instant position, of the cutters. Full and flexiblecontrol of the machine is thus afforded.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a worksupport for a bar of polygonal cross-section, a tool support adjacentone end of the bar, said supports being mounted for relative rotationabout the axis of said bar, a power rotated milling cutter mounted onsaid tool support for movement toward and away from the bar axis, powerdriven mechanism for relatively feeding said supports about the bar axisand simultaneously moving said cutter in timed relation toward and awayfrom the bar axis to generate a pyramidal point on the bar, and meanscontrolling said `mechanism to increase the rate of feed while saidcutter is milling the corners of the bar.

2. In a machine of the type described, the combination of a taperedmilling cutter disposed with its axis inclined to and substantiallyintersecting the axis of a bar whose end portion is to be tapered by thecutter, a first power actuated means for rotating said cutter about itsown axis, and a second power actuated means for revolving the cutterbodily about the bar axis at a cyclically varying angular speed variedin timed relation with the angular position of the cutter about the baraxis and for oscillating the cutter bodily toward and away from the baraxis also in timed relation with the cutter 'movement about the lastmentioned axis.

3. In a machine of the type described, the combination of a cutter forremoving a layer of metal from about the periphery of a bar work piecewhich is to be machined, and power actuated means for oscillating saidcutter toward and away from the bar axis and for simultaneouslyrevolving the cutter about such axis at a speed which is varied from amaximum when the cutter is displaceda maximum distance from the bar axisin its oscillation to a minimum when the cutter is displaced a minimumdistance from the bar axis.

4. In a machine tool, the combination of a lmovable machine toolelement, a power actuated responding to the position of the element atthe instant of such restoration of control 5. In a machine tool, thecombination of a movable machine tool element, a power actuated feedmechanism for moving said element at any one of a plurality of rates,cyclic control means for automatically changing the feed speed of saidelement by said mechanism in a predetermined cycle of changes, aplural-position selector means for rendering said control meansoperative and inoperative to govern said mechanism, andmeans including amanual jog control hold-down switch operable upon being held down tocause said mechanism to feed `said element at a low rate so long as saidswitch is held down and irrespective of the setting of said selectormeans.

6. In a machine of the type described, the combination of a revolubledrum, a pair of supporting members projecting from one end of andmounted in the drum for oscillatory movement toward and away from thedrum axis in the course of their rotation with the drum, cutters mountedon the projecting portions of said members to act on the end of a workpiece, and guide means rfor supporting said portions of said membersagainst lateral play while permitting free oscillation thereof towardand away from the drum axis, said guide means including a pair ofopposed members rigid with said one end of the drum and presenting guidesurfaces tothe side faces of said portions of said members.

7. In a machine of the type described, the combination of a revolubletool head, means on one end ofsaid head defining a guide slot extendingdiametrically across the same, a tool support having an outboard portionguided in said slot and adapted to carry a metal removing tool, saidsupport having a portion projecting into said head, and power actuatedmeans in said head operable to oscillate the projecting portion of saidtool support in said slot toward and away vfrom the axis of headrotation.

HANS T. R. HANITZ.

